Research Professor Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
Abstract: The ability to generate ovarian follicle/oocyte-like cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) opens up exciting possibilities for reproductive medicine. Understanding the intricacies of female gamete development is crucial for addressing issues such as infertility and ovarian aging, which affect many women worldwide. The utilization of Piwil family proteins in regulating germ cell development adds another layer of complexity and interest to the study. These proteins have been implicated in various aspects of germ cell development, particularly through their interaction with piRNAs. Their stage-specific expression and variation during differentiation suggest their crucial roles in guiding the differentiation process. An undifferentiated human ESC line, SNUhES34, was maintained under the feeder-free condition. The cells were formed into embryoid bodies (EBs) and cultured in suspension for 8 to 10 days. After 10 days, the EBs were attached and further differentiated. During differentiation, the expressions of female germ cell development specific- and the piwil family genes were examined by RT-qPCR. Additionally, the differentiation of hESCs into follicle/oocyte-like cells was confirmed by morphological and immuno-specific analyses. Human ESCs differentiated into follicles/oocytes successfully. The differentiation was monitored by expressions of stage-specific genes. Furthermore, the secretion of E2 was confirmed. The Piwil gene family, Piwil-1,-2,-4, expression was stage-specific and varied during differentiation. Further investigation into the functional aspects of these hESC-derived cells and the specific roles of Piwil proteins could uncover valuable insights into female gamete development and possibly lead to novel therapeutic strategies for infertility or reproductive disorders
