Abstract: Preterm birth (PTB) and premature ovarian failure (POF) are two severe female reproductive diseases that affects many women at the child-bearing ages. PTB is considered as a live birth before 37 weeks. Nowadays about 15 million babies are experiencing PTB annually, which accounts for 11% of the birth rates globally. Also, PTB is the leading cause among newborns. POF usually refers to women who have experienced amenorrhea before age of 40. POF can also cause severe health issues including psychological distress, infertility, osteoporosis, autoimmune disorders, ischemic heart disease, and increased risk of mortality. In recent years, the development of nanotechnology has provided a new solution for treating these diseases. Nanotechnology involves the engineering of structures on a molecular level. Nanomedicine and nano-delivery systems have been designed to deliver therapeutic agents to a target site or organ in a controlled manner, maximizing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects of the therapeutic agent administered. Our team has been working on using nanorobots and nanoparticles to treat PTB and POF. According to our research results, using a nanorobot which favors the macrophages can help with bring anti-inflammation drugs like metformin and curcumin to the placenta which can further reduce the PTB symptoms. Also, by conjugating a peptide that can specifically target the ovary, nanoparticles can be engineered to specifically deliver drugs to the ovary for further treating POF.
