Abstract: Human expanded potential stem cells (EPSCs) hold promise for generating diverse cell types due to their self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, which are essential for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. The ability of EPSCs to differentiate into both extraembryonic and embryonic lineages makes them an attractive tool for studying human development and disease. In this study, we employed a human 3D embryoid body model derived from EPSCs to investigate the generation and functionality of natural killer (NK) cells for immunotherapeutic applications. Through step-wise differentiation, our transgene-free system enabled the robust production of NK cells from EPSCs, demonstrating their potential for targeted cytotoxicity and immunomodulation. These findings highlight the potential of EPSCs as a novel source of NK cells for immunotherapy, which could lead to the development of more effective and personalized treatments for diseases.
